Digital Transformation of the Polish Legal System in 2025: Progress, Pitfalls, and Possibilities

Author: Michal Krawczynski

A Year of Transition in Polish Courts

In 2025, Polish legal system is changing thanks to digital technology. Many tasks that previously required lengthy wait times and mountains of paperwork can now be completed from a laptop or smartphone thanks to e-courts and online filings.

This shift is part of a bigger global trend, but for Poland, this year feels like a turning point. There’s real momentum—but also a few growing pains.

What the Polish Legal System Has Introduced

Over the past few years, the government has rolled out several new tools and platforms. These include the electronic National Court Register (e-KRS), the e-court system for civil claims, and improved online access to case records. In some courts, especially in big cities, video hearings are becoming normal.

These changes are meant to make the legal process faster and easier. While some are still in the development or slow rollout stages, others are already functioning effectively. Digital services are frequently scarce or delayed in smaller towns, indicating that the concept and reality are still not aligned.

The Significance of These Reforms

Digital tools can help the average person save time, money, and stress. No more taking the day off to deliver a document or printing out mountains of paper. You can complete most of your tasks from home, connecting to internet on your laptop on mobile phone.

Digitalisation facilitates organisation for judges and attorneys. Scheduling becomes more efficient, cases proceed more quickly, and files are easier to access. Although it's not flawless, it's still better than the past.

But It’s Not All Smooth Sailing

There are issues, just like with any significant change. Cybersecurity is one of the main issues. The risk of hacking or data leaks increases when private court documents are transferred and stored online. Some are concerned that the system isn't yet ready to ensure everyone's safety.

The problem of digital exclusion comes next. Not everyone can use these platforms because they lack the necessary skills or internet access. People who are elderly, live in rural areas, or have little money may be left behind. Additionally, not all legal professionals are accustomed to the technology, and some are still getting used to it.

AI Is Here to Help

AI is also beginning to play a part. It is currently primarily used for tasks like document sorting and deadline marking. It can expedite the process and lessen human error.

However, some are concerned about what could happen if AI develops too much, particularly if it begins to influence decision-making more. The majority concur that AI ought to be a tool rather than a judge. However, this equilibrium will require ongoing attention as technology advances.

How Poland Compares with the Rest of Europe

Across the EU, some countries are further ahead. Estonia, for example, is often praised for its fully digital public services—including its court system. Countries like Germany and France are also investing heavily in legal tech.

Poland is somewhere in the middle. There’s clear progress, but also a sense that the system needs more funding, better planning, and stronger coordination—especially between regions. Learning from other EU members could help move things along more smoothly.

What Comes Next?

Looking ahead, there are several pilot projects in progress. There’s talk of expanding video hearings, building better systems for small claims, and even making more legal processes fully digital—from start to finish.

Experts say that over the next few years, we’ll likely see even more automation and integration between public services. That sounds good in theory—but only if the rollout includes support for those who might struggle to keep up.

Final Thoughts

There’s no question that Poland’s legal system is heading in a digital direction. Many people are already benefiting from it, and it is modernising the courts. However, there is still much work to be done.

Fairness and technology must be balanced. In addition to being quick and safe, new systems must be easy to use, accessible, and human friendly. Justice isn't about speed, after all. It's about ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to be heard, regardless of their location, age, or income.

Reference List:

• Poland at the Forefront of Digital Transformation in the EU

• New Challenges in the Development of AI and E-communication in the Field of Justice